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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 73(2), 2005, pp. 288-295
Copyright © 2005 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-SPECIFIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ANTIBODIES TO ASSESS LONGITUDINAL INFECTION TRENDS IN SIX COMMUNITIES IN BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

CORINNE S. ONG*, ANNA S. LI, JEFFREY W. PRIEST, RAY COPES, MOHAMAD KHAN, MURRAY W. FYFE, STEPHEN A. MARION, JACQUELIN M. ROBERTS, PATRICK J. LAMMIE, AND JUDITH L. ISAAC-RENTON
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

A newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects immunoglobulin G antibodies to the 27-kDa Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoite surface antigen was used to test 4,097 sera collected from pregnant women in 6 communities in British Columbia, Canada, between January 1996, and December 1997. Waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis occurred in two of the study communities during the period of follow-up, and ELISA seropositivity was high in all six communities during the study period (77% positive to 92% positive). In the community with the largest outbreak, levels of antibody to the 27-kDa antigen increased rapidly and then decayed to background levels within 3–4 months of the peak of the epidemic curve. Trends in serologic reactivity were complex in all communities, and increased antibody levels not related temporally to known waterborne outbreaks were also observed. Serological assays may provide more accurate information regarding community levels of Cryptosporidium infection.

Received October 22, 2004. Accepted for publication February 9, 2005.

Acknowledgments: The University of British Columbia gratefully acknowledges that the American Water Works Association Research Foundation is the joint owner of some of the technical information upon which this work is based. The University of British Columbia thanks the foundation for its financial, technical, and administrative assistance in funding and managing the project. We are also grateful for the ongoing support of the Greater Vancouver Regional District and the Capital Regional District, the public health staff in British Columbia, as well as Chuck Paltiel and Rick White for biostatistics consultations.

Disclaimer: Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Public Health Service or by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

* Address correspondence to Corinne S. Ong, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 4R4. E-mail: cong{at}interchange.ubc.ca

Authors’ addresses: Corinne S. Ong, Anna S. Li, Ray Copes, Mohamad Khan, Murray W. Fyfe, and Judith L. Isaac-Renton, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 4R4. Stephen A. Marion, Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Mather Building, 5804 Fairview Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3. Jeffrey W. Priest, Jacquelin M. Roberts, and Patrick J. Lammie, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop F-13, Building 23, Room 1025, 4770 Buford Highway N.E., Atlanta, GA 30341-3724.

Reprint requests: Corinne S. Ong, Laboratory Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 2nd Floor, 655 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4R4, Canada, Telephone: (604) 660-1524, Fax: (604) 660-6073, E-mail: cong{at}interchange.ubc.ca.




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