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To assess the clinical findings associated with detection of adult Wuchereria bancrofti worms on ultrasound, 186 schoolchildren in a filariasis-endemic area of Haiti underwent physical and ultrasonographic examinations. The filaria dance sign (FDS) of adult W. bancrofti was detected in the inguinal and crural lymphatics of 28 (15%) children. FDS detection was more common in older children (P = 0.003) and in those with a history of inguinal lymph node inflammation (P = 0.002) or crural lymphadenopathy on physical exam (P = 0.01). Twenty-five FDS-positive children were reexamined after three annual cycles of mass treatment for lymphatic filariasis (LF). The total number of adult worm nests detected by ultrasound decreased from 29 to 4 (P 
0.0001). FDS and lymphangiectasia were detected in the intrascrotal (N = 3) and inguinal (N = 1) lymphatic vessels of three postpubescent boys. This study demonstrates clinical and subclinical findings of LF in FDS-positive children.
Received May 28, 2004. Accepted for publication August 22, 2004.
Acknowledgments: We would like to thank Amanda Freeman, Marie-Denise Milord, Jack Lafontant, and the Hôpital Sainte Croix Filariasis Team for their assistance with the project. We are especially indebted to the children of Leogane who participated in this study, their parents, and the headmasters and staff of the participating schools.
Authors’ addresses: LeAnne M. Fox, Center for International Health and Development, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, Telephone: 617-414-1209, Fax: 617-414-1261. Bruce W. Furness, STD Control Program, Washington, DC, 20005, Telephone: 202-727-9066, Fax: 202-727-3345. Jennifer K. Haser, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR 97239, Telephone: 503-494-8428, Fax, 503-494-8120. Jean-Marc Brissau, Filariasis Program, Hôpital Sainte Croix, Leogane, Haiti, Telephone, 509-557-6424, Fax, 509-235-1845. Jacky Louis-Charles, Filariasis Program, Hôpital Sainte Croix, Leogane, Haiti, Telephone, 509-512-1868, Fax: 509-235-1845. Susan F. Wilson, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101, Telephone, 973-220-8547. David G. Addiss, Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, Telephone 770-488-7760, Fax: 770-488-7761. Patrick J. Lammie, Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, Telephone: 770-488-4054, Fax: 770-488-4108. Michael J. Beach, Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, Telephone, 770-488-7760, Fax, 770-488-7761.
Reprint requests: LeAnne M. Fox, Center for International Health and Development, Boston University School of Public Health, 85 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, Telephone: 617-414-1209, Fax: 617-414-1261, E-mail: lfox{at}bu.edu.
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  L. M. FOX, S. F. WILSON, D. G. ADDISS, J. LOUIS-CHARLES, M. V. B. DE ROCHARS, and P. J. LAMMIE CLINICAL CORRELATES OF FILARIAL INFECTION IN HAITIAN CHILDREN: AN ASSOCIATION WITH INTERDIGITAL LESIONS Am J Trop Med Hyg, October 1, 2005; 73(4): 759 - 765. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. M. FOX, B. W. FURNESS, J. K. HASER, D. DESIRE, J.-M. BRISSAU, M.-D. MILORD, J. LAFONTANT, P. J. LAMMIE, and M. J. BEACH TOLERANCE AND EFFICACY OF COMBINED DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE AND ALBENDAZOLE FOR TREATMENT OF WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI AND INTESTINAL HELMINTH INFECTIONS IN HAITIAN CHILDREN Am J Trop Med Hyg, July 1, 2005; 73(1): 115 - 121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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