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DIFFERENTIAL INFECTIVITIES OF O’NYONG-NYONG AND CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS ISOLATES IN ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AND AEDES AEGYPTI MOSQUITOES

O’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are closely related alphaviruses that cause human disease in Africa and Asia. Like most alphaviruses, CHIKV is vectored by culicine mosquitoes. ONNV is considered unusual as it primarily infects anopheline mosquitoes; however, there are relatively few experimental data to support this. In this study, three strains of ONNV and one strain of CHIKV were evaluated in Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and in four cell lines. As predicted, CHIKV was not infectious to An. gambiae, and we observed strain-variability for ONNV with respect to the ability of the virus to infect An. gambiae and Ae. aegypti. The species specificity in vivo was reflected by in vitro experiments using culicine and anopheline-derived cell lines.

Received September 2, 2004. Accepted for publication October 29, 2004.

Acknowledgments: We would like to thank Jing Haung, Patricia Hamilton, Amanda Knoblock, and Roberto H. Nussenzveig for their expert technical assistance with this project. We would also like to thank Dr. Robert Tesh and Hilda Guzman for providing the viruses used in this study. This project was funded by NIH grant no. AI47877 and DARPA grant cooperative agreement NOO178-02-2-9002 with the Chemical Biological Radiological Sciences & Technology Defense Branch of the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, Virginia. Kate McElroy was supported by a CDC Fellowship Training Program in Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases T01/CCT622892, and Roberto H. Nussenzveig was supported by NIH T32 training grant A107536.

Authors’ addresses: Dana L. Vanlandingham, Chao Hong, Kimberly Klingler, Konstantin Tsetsarkin, Kate L. McElroy, and Stephen Higgs, Keiller 2.104, L 20762, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-0609, Telephone: 409-747-2426, Fax: 409-772-2511. Ann M. Powers, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80521, Telephone: (970) 266-3535, Fax: (970) 221-6476. Michael J. Lehane, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK, Telephone: 0151 705 3316 (office), 0151 705 3231 (lab), Fax: 0151 705 3369.

Reprint requests: Stephen Higgs, Department of Pathology, Keiller 2.104, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-0609, Telephone: 409-747-2426, Fax: 409-772-2511, E-mail: sthiggs{at}utmb.edu.

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