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Sixteen Leishmania stocks, 15 isolated from patients with cutaneous (CL), mucocutaneous (MCL), or recurrent cutaneous leishmaniasis, plus one from a dog with CL in Salta and Corrientes Provinces, Argentina, were studied by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. Thirteen of the stocks from humans were grouped in two zymodemes; nine termed as KMS 1, four as KMS 2, and assigned to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Two additional stocks from CL cases expressed a KMS 4 enzyme profile, corresponding to L. (V.) guyanensis. Although the parasites from the dog were also assigned to L. (V.) braziliensis, its zymodeme, KMS 3, was not expressed in any of the current human isolates. The characterization of Leishmania from a dog was done for the first time in Argentina. The importance of the intraspecific polymorphism in the induction of clinical forms and in the host-reservoir concept is briefly discussed, based on the zymodeme data of isolates from humans and dogs. The presence of L. (V.) guyanensis was confirmed in the country.
Received June 9, 2004. Accepted for publication August 23, 2004.
Acknowledgments: We are grateful to the physicians and personnel of the Dermatology Ward of Hospital del Milagro and the Dermatology and Otorhinolaryngology Wards of Hospital San Bernardo of Salta City for the recruitment of the patients. We also thank Pedro Rueda, Hilda de Fillipi, Héctor Romero, Marisa Juarez, Federico Ramos, and Ricardo Rossi for their technical support and Patricio Diosque and Marcelo Padilla for their contributions and valuable comments.
Financial support: This study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports of Japan (grant no. 14256002).
Authors’ addresses: Jorge D. Marco, Paola A. Barroso, Manuel Calvopiña, Hideo Kumazawa, Masataka Korenaga, and Yoshihisa Hashiguchi, Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko Cho, Nankoku Shi, Kochi Ken, 783-8505 Japan, Telephone/Fax: +81 88 880 2415. Silvana P. Cajal and Néstor J. Taranto, Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales, Sede Regional Orán, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Alvarado 751, San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, (4530) Salta, Argentina, Telephone/Fax: +54 3878 421924. Masato Furuya, Institute for Laboratory Animals, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko Cho, Nankoku Shi, Kochi Ken, 783-8505 Japan, Telephone: +81 88 880 2434, Fax: +81 88 880 2436. María C. Mora and Miguel A. Basombrío, Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Buenos Aires 177, (4400) Salta, Argentina, Telephone/Fax: +54 387 4255333. María M. J. Rea, C. Edgardo Borda, Centro Nacional de Parasitología y Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Santa Fe 1432, (3400) Corrientes, Argentina, Telephone/Fax: +54 3783 425484.
Reprint requests: Jorge D. Marco, Department of Parasitology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko Cho, Nankoku shi, Kochi Ken, 783-8505 Japan, Telephone/Fax: +81 88 880 2415, E-mail: marcojd{at}med.kochi-ms.ac.jp.
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