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The observation of avian mortality associated with West Nile virus (WNV) infection has become a hallmark epidemiologic feature in the recent emergence of this pathogen in Israel and North America. To determine if phenotypic differences exist among different WNV isolates, we exposed house sparrows (Passer domesticus) to low passage, lineage 1 WNV strains from North America (NY99), Kenya (KEN), and Australia (KUN; also known as Kunjin virus). House sparrows inoculated with the NY99 and KEN strains experienced similar mortality rates and viremia profiles. The KUN strain elicited significantly lower-titered viremia when compared with the other strains and induced no mortality. This study suggests that natural mortality in house sparrows due to Old World strains of WNV may be occurring where the KEN strain occurs.
Received May 26, 2004. Accepted for publication July 12, 2004.
Acknowledgements: We thank Jason Velez and staff for preparation of Vero cell monolayers, and private property owners in Larimer County, Colorado for permission to capture sparrows. Bob Tesh and David Beasley graciously provided the Kunjin virus strain. Susan Beckett and Paula Schneider assisted with manuscript preparation. Roger Nasci, Michel Bunning, John Roehrig, and Duane Gubler reviewed the manuscript.
Authors’ addresses: Stanley A. Langevin and Aaron C. Brault, Center for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, Telephone: 530-754-8359, Fax: 530-752-3349, E-mails: acbrault{at}ucdavis.edu and salangevin{at}ucdavis.edu. Nicholas A. Panella and Nicholas Komar, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, PO Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522, Telephone: 970-221-6400, Fax: 970-221-6476, E-mails: nap4{at}cdc.gov and nck6{at}cdc.gov Richard A. Bowen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, E-mail: rbowen{at}colostate.edu.
Reprint requests: Nicholas Komar, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, PO Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522.
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