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The recent availability of significantly increased levels of funding for unmet medical needs in the developing world, made available by newly created public-private-partnerships, has proven to be a powerful driver for stimulating clinical development of candidate vaccines for malaria. This new way forward promises to greatly increase the likelihood of bringing a safe and effective vaccine to licensure. The investigators bring together important published and unpublished information that illuminates the status of malaria vaccine development. They focus their comments on those candidate vaccines that are currently in or expected to enter clinical trials in the next 12 months.
Received August 21, 2003. Accepted for publication December 1, 2003.
Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. B. Fenton Hall (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH) for providing information concerning the Apovia trial. This report contains published and unpublished data on the current status of malaria vaccines and was presented in part at the Third Multilateral Initiative for Malaria in Arusha, Tanzania, November 2002.
Disclosure: W. Ripley Ballou is an employee and stockholder of GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals.
Authors addresses: W. Ripley Ballou, Clinical Research and Development, Emerging Diseases, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, 89 Rue de LInstitut, Rixensart, Belgium, Telephone: 32-2-656-6659, Fax: 32-2-656-8133, E-mail: Ripley.Ballou{at}gskbio.com. Myriam Arevalo-Herrera, Malaria Vaccine and Drug Testing Center, Cali, Columbia. Daniel Carucci and Thomas L. Richie, Malaria Program, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910. Giampietro Corradin, University of Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland. Carter Diggs, Malaria Vaccine Development Program, U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington, DC 20523-1000. Pierre Druilhe, Unité de Parasitologie Biomédicale, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015, Paris, France. Birgitte K. Giersing and Allan Saul, Malaria Vaccine Development Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. D. Gray Heppner, Kent E. Kester, David E. Lanar, and Jeff Lyon, Departments of Immunology and Clinical Trials, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910. Adrian V. S. Hill, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford OX3 7LJ, United Kingdom. Weiqing Pan, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, Peoples Republic of China. Joe D. Cohen, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, 89 Rue de LInstitut, Rixensart, Belgium.
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