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A total of 451 stool specimens were collected from children less than five years of age with acute diarrhea from Ifakara, Tanzania and processed to detect bacterial enteropathogens, parasites, and rotaviruses. These specimens were divided into 348 from the dry season and 103 from the rainy season. Overall, diarrheogenic Escherichia coli (35.7%) were the predominant enteropathogens, with enterotoxigenic E. coli, enteroaggregative E. coli, and enteropathogenic E. coli being the most prevalent. Moreover, enteroaggregative E. coli (63% versus 35.5%; P < 0.05), Shigella spp. (24% versus 12%; P < 0.05), and rotavirus (23% versus 4%; P < 0.05) were more prevalent in the dry season than in the rainy season and enterotoxigenic E. coli (51.6% versus 20%; P < 0.05) and Giardia lamblia (14% versus 1%; P < 0.05) were more prevalent in the rainy season.
Received October 12, 2003. Accepted for publication December 26, 2003.
Acknowledgments: The support of John J. Aponte is greatly appreciated.
Financial support: This work was supported in part by the Spanish Agency of International Cooperation (AECI-1042) and the Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Spain (fellowship to Martha Vargas).
Authors’ addresses: Martha Vargas, Climent Casals, and Jordi Vila. Departament of Microbiology, Institut Clinic Infeccions Immunologia, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pí i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona. Spain. Joaquim Gascón and Joaquim Ruiz, Tropical Medicine Unit, Unitat Avaluació Suport I Prevenció, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pí i Sunyer, C/Roselló 132, 2°-2ª, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. David Schellemberg. Epidemiology and Bioestadistics Section, Unitat Avaluació Suport I Prevenció, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pí i Sunyer, C/Roselló 132, 2°-2ª, 08036 Barcelona, Spain and Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Ifakara, Tanzania. Honorati Urassa and Eliseus Kahigwa. Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, National Institute for Medical Research, Ifakara, Tanzania.
Reprint requests: Jordi Vila, Departament of Microbiology, ICII, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pí i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. Telephone: 34-93-227-5522, Fax: 34-93-227-9372, E-mail: vila{at}medicina.ub.es.
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