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EFFECT OF MATERNAL ANEMIA AT HIGH ALTITUDE ON INFANT HEMATOCRIT AND OXYGENATION

Hematocrit levels were determined in 36 mothers living at high altitudes (3,750 meters) and their infant cord bloods to determine the effect of maternal anemia on the infant. The arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂) and respiratory rate of the infants were also followed during the first four months of life. There was a negative correlation between maternal hematocrit and infant hematocrit (r_s = – 0.57). Nineteen babies born to anemic women (hematocrit < 41%) had a significantly higher mean hematocrit (59.9%) than those born to non-anemic mothers (55.8%; P = 0.003). The SaO₂ levels and respiratory rates of infants were not different between infants born to non-anemic and anemic mothers. At high altitudes, infants from mothers with anemia have higher hematocrits than those born to non-anemic mothers.

Received July 31, 2003. Accepted for publication December 10, 2003.

Acknowledgments: We thank Drs. Jaime Zegarra, Manuel Gutierrez, Carlton Evans, Larry Moulton, Oscar Villegas, and Caryn Bern for their advice, J. B. Phu and D. Sara for their technical assistance, and the staff of EsSalud Hospital of La Oroya, especially Dr. Godofredo Pebe Salazar, for their cooperation.

Financial support: This study was supported by the Fogarty-National Institutes of Health training program International Training and Research in Emerging Infectious Diseases grant 3D43 TW00910-05S1, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases TG-35 grant AI-07646-0, and the anonymous RG-ER fund for tropical medicine research.

Authors’ addresses: Maria E. Ramirez-Cardich, Luis E. Escate, Christopher Kabrhel, Colleen Johnson, Rivka Galchen, and Christian T. Bautista, A. B. PRISMA, Carlos Gonzales 251, Urb. Maranga, San Miguel, Lima 32, Peru. Mayuko Saito, St. Luke’s Life Science Institute, 9-1 Akashicho, Chuoku, Tokyo, 104-8560, Japan. Robert H. Gilman, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins School of Pubic Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Room W3503, Baltimore, MD 21205, Telephone: 410-614-3959, Fax: 410-614-6060, E-mails: rgilman{at}jhsph.edu and rgilman{at}prisma.org.pe. John J. Strouse, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 35 Rutland Road, Baltimore, MD 21205.

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