AJTMH Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 70(4), 2004, pp. 395-397
Copyright © 2004 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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IN VITRO EFFICACY OF ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS AGAINST PLASMODIUM VIVAX ON THE WESTERN BORDER OF THAILAND

KESINEE CHOTIVANICH, RACHANEE UDOMSANGPETCH, WIRONGRONG CHIERAKUL, PAUL N. NEWTON, RONATRAI RUANGVEERAYUTH, SASITHON PUKRITTAYAKAMEE, SORNCHAI LOOAREESUWAN, AND NICHOLAS J. WHITE
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, and Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok. Thailand; Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Mae Sot Hospital, Tak, Thailand

The susceptibility of 20 isolates of Plasmodium vivax on the Thailand-Myanmar border to seven antimalarial drugs was evaluated using the schizont maturation inhibition technique. The geometric mean 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) values were quinine = 308 ng/mL, amodiaquine =14 ng/mL, chloroquine =50 ng/mL, mefloquine = 127 ng/mL, sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (80:1) = 800/10 ng/mL, pyrimethamine = 8 ng/mL, and artesunate = 0.5 ng/mL. Compared with P. falciparum in this area, P. vivax was more sensitive to chloroquine and artesunate, equally sensitive to quinine, and more resistant to mefloquine.

Received January 21, 2003. Accepted for publication September 17, 2003.

Acknowledgments: We thank the staff and nurses of Mae Sot Hospital for their help and Dr. Jetsumon Prachumsri for her valuable comments and suggestions.

Financial support: This work was a part of the Wellcome Trust-Mahidol University Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme funded by the Wellcome Trust of Great Britain.

Authors’ addresses: Kesinee Chotivanich, Wirongrong Chierakul, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, and Sornchai Looareesuwan, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road. Bangkok, Thailand. Rachanee Udomsangpetch, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University. Bangkok, Thailand. Ronatrai Ruangveerayuth, Mae Sot Hospital, Tak, Thailand. Paul N. Newton and Nicholas J White, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand, and Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, United Kingdom, Correspondence: Prof. N. J. White, Telephone: 66-2-354-9172, Fax: 66-2-351-9169, E-mail: fnnjw{at}diamond.mahidol.ac.th.




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