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Microscopic detection of Plasmodium species has been the reference standard for the diagnosis of malaria for more than a century. However, maintaining a sufficient level of expertise in microscopic diagnosis can be challenging, particularly in non-endemic countries. The objective of this study was to compare a new rapid malaria diagnostic device (NOW® ICT Malaria Test; Binax, Inc., Portland, ME) to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and expert microscopy for the diagnosis of malaria in 256 febrile returned travelers. Compared with PCR, the NOW® ICT test showed a sensitivity of 94% for the detection of P. falciparum malaria (96% for pure P. falciparum infection) and 84% for non-P. falciparum infections (87% for pure P. vivax infections and 62% for pure P. ovale and P. malariae infections), with an overall specificity of 99%. The Binax NOW® ICT may represent a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria in febrile returned travelers.
Received July 16, 2003. Accepted for publication September 5, 2003.
Financial support: This study was supported in part by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR MT-13721 to Kevin C. Kain). Kevin C. Kain is supported by a Career Scientist Award from the Ontario Ministry of Health and a Canada Research Chair (CIHR).
Authors’ addresses: Gabriella A. Farcas, Kathleen J. Y. Zhong, and Fiona E. Lovegrove, Medical Sciences Building 7318, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8. Christopher M. Graham and Kevin C. Kain, Tropical Disease Unit, EN G-224, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4, E-mail: kevin.kain{at}uhn.on.ca.
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