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PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES TO UNIQUE TAENIA SOLIUM ONCOSPHERE ANTIGENS IN TAENIASIS AND HUMAN AND PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS

The presence of two oncosphere antigens (OAs) of 22.5 and 31.3 kD in whole and excretory/secretory (ES) OA preparations of both Taenia solium and T. saginata or in antigen preparations from T. solium metacestodes or immature tapeworms was assessed. This included an evaluation of whether antibodies to other cestodes cross-reacted to these OAs. The OAs were present in whole oncosphere extract and E/S antigens of T. solium, but were not present in other stages (immature tapeworm or metacestode) or in OAs of T. saginata. The majority (95%) of T. solium tapeworm carriers had antibodies to these OAs, while only 20% of active neurocysticercosis cases were positive. No antibodies to the OAs were found in healthy controls, subjects infected with Hymenolepis nana, patients with hydatid disease, T. saginata tapeworm carriers, hamsters infected with immature T. solium tapeworms, or dogs infected with Echinococcus granulosus. The OAs are stage and species specific to T. solium and antibodies to OAs are usually present in tapeworm carriers.

Received February 27, 2003. Accepted for publication July 10, 2003.

Acknowledgments: We thank J. B. Phu, D. Sarah, and G. Sari-Cece for technical assistance.

Financial support: This work was partially funded by the International Centers for Infectious Diseases Research grant 01A135894-06 from the National Institutes of Health, Actions to Build Capacity and International Training and Research in Emerging Infectious Diseases grants from the Fogarty Foundation, and the anonymous RG-ER Fund.

Authors’ addresses: Manuela Verastegui, Yanina Arana, Cesar Jeri, and Iskra Tuero, Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, PO Box 5045, Lima, Peru. Robert H. Gilman, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Room 3501, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, Telephone: 410-614-3959, Fax: 410-614-6060, E-mail: rgilman{at}jhsph.edu. Hector H. Garcia, Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto de Ciencias Neurologicas, Jr. Ancash 1271, Barrios Altos, Lima, Peru. Armando E. Gonzalez and Cesar Gavida, Public Health Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 03-5113, Lima 03, Peru. Min Levine and Victor C. W. Tsang, Immunology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta GA 30341.

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