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Because West Nile (WN) virus primarily cycles between mosquitoes and birds, North American reptiles and amphibians have not been evaluated as reservoir hosts of this virus. We infected three species of reptiles and one species of amphibian: Iguana iguana (green iguana), Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis (Florida garter snake), Trachymes scripta elegans (red-ear slider), and Rana catesbeiana (North American bullfrog). After inoculation with WN virus, some of the green iguanas, bullfrogs, and garter snakes showed low but detectable viral loads in the blood, oral or cloacal swabs, and/or organs.
Received April 1, 2003. Accepted for publication May 23, 2003.
Financial support: This research was supported by an Emerging Infectious Disease fellowship sponsored by the Association of Public Health Laboratories and the National Center for Infectious Diseases (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).
Authors address: Kaci Klenk and Nicholas Komar, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, PO Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522, Telephone: 970-266-3561, Fax: 970-266-3599, E-mail: knk4{at}cdc.gov.
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