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ENHANCEMENT OF THE EFFICACY OF A COMBINATION OF MESOCYCLOPS ASPERICORNIS AND BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS VAR. ISRAELENSIS BY COMMUNITY-BASED PRODUCTS IN CONTROLLING AEDES AEGYPTI LARVAE IN THAILAND

Prolonged efficacy of a combination of bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis [Bti] and copepods (Mesocyclops aspericornis) in controlling immature forms of Aedes aegypti in peridomestic water containers was achieved by adding various products from local villages as supplementary food for copepods. In all experiments, 100 first-instar larvae were added into the breeding containers every day for eight weeks. Combinations of biological control agents and each local supplementary food were applied once at the beginning of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, the average number of mosquito larvae in containers with a combination of copepods and Bti with one gram of rice grain had decreased to only 0.5% of that with no control agent. In comparison, the average numbers of mosquito larvae in containers with Bti only, or copepods only, were approximately 10% and 33% of those in containers with no control agents, respectively. In addition, the number of copepods in containers with mosquito larvae and supplementary food was at least three times higher than those with mosquito larvae alone.

Received December 19, 2002. Accepted for publication May 29, 2003.

Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. Janet W. Reid for identification of copepod specimens, Dr. John R. Milne for reviewing the manuscript, Siriporn Vihokto for providing initial cultures of copepods, and Samnieng Thienthong and Kitti Thienthong for maintaining cultures of copepods and mosquitoes, respectively.

Financial support: This investigation was supported by the UNDP/World Bank/Worls Health Organization Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR/RCS/A00786) and the Thailand Research Fund (RTA/05/2540).

Authors’ addresses: Pahol Kosiyachinda and Pattamaporn Kittayapong, Center for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. Amaret Bhumiratana, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand, Telephone: 66-2-201-5010, Fax: 66-2-247-7050, E-mail: scabr{at}mahidol.ac.th.

Reprint requests: Pattamaporn Kittayapong, Center for Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand, Tel: +662 201 5935, Fax: +662 201 5923, E-mail: grpkt{at}mahidol.ac.th.

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