AJTMH Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 68(5), 2003, pp. 545-546
Copyright © 2003 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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SHORT REPORT: ASSESSING FIELD VACCINE EFFICACY FOR MEASLES IN FAMINE-AFFECTED RURAL ETHIOPIA

LEISEL TALLEY AND PETER SALAMA
International Emergency and Refugee Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia

 

ABSTRACT

Measles is a major cause of mortality in complex emergencies. Both high vaccination coverage and vaccine efficacy are required to prevent major epidemics of measles in such situations. Evaluation of field vaccine efficacy is a critical but underutilized component of program monitoring in emergencies, and is particularly important in rural areas where the integrity of the cold chain is difficult to guarantee. In July 2000, we evaluated the field vaccine efficacy for measles vaccination by comparing the incidence of cases in vaccinated and unvaccinated groups during a two-stage cluster survey of 563 children in Ethiopia. Approximately 30% of the measles cases occurred in vaccinated children. Estimated field vaccine efficacy for measles was 66.9% in children 9–36 months old. The finding of a field vaccine efficacy for measles less than 80% warrants formal assessment of measles vaccine efficacy, particularly in famine emergencies where measles is associated with a high case fatality rate.

Received March 4, 2002. Accepted for publication December 11, 2002.

Acknowledgment: This Research Participation Program was administered by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (Oak Ridge, TN).

Authors’ address: Leisel Talley and Peter Salama, International Emergency and Refugee Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Mailstop F-48 Atlanta, GA 30341, Telephone: 770-488-3121, Fax: 770-488-7829, E-mail: ltalley{at}cdc.gov






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Copyright © 2003 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.