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A study based on 28 microsatellite loci was performed on 32 isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from Pointe Noire (Republic of the Congo) and compared with a cosmopolitan sample of 21 isolates collected from different countries in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. The Pointe Noire population exhibited very high genetic diversity (A = 7.8 ± 2.6, He = 0.79 ± 0.11). Significant linkage disequilibria were observed in 28 of 378 pairs of microsatellite loci. This result could be explained by two non-exclusive hypotheses: 1) uniparental propagation (i.e., selfing), leading to non-panmictic associations, and/or 2) a Wahlund effect (i.e., spatial population genetic heterogeneity). These observations are in agreement with data previously obtained from isozyme loci of the same isolates, but contrast with other population genetic analyses conducted in other hyperendemic zones.
Received November 24, 2001. Accepted for publication October 2, 2002.
Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. Philip Agnew for suggestions and linguistic assistance, and Dr. Thierry De Meeus for helpful advice and criticism. We are also grateful to Dr. Ludmel Urdaneta (Universidad de Carabobo, Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Estado Avagua, Venezuela) for providing isolates from Venezuela. We also thank two anonymous referees for reviewing and improving the manuscript.
Financial support: This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD).
Authors’ addresses: P. Durand, Y. Michalakis, S. Cestier, B. Oury, M. C. Leclerc, M. Tibayrenc, and F. Renaud, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Centre d’Etudes sur le Polymorphisme des Microorganismes, Unité de Rocherche (UMR) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (CNRS-IRD) 9926, Unité de Recherche (UR) IRD 062, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France, Telephone: 33-4-67-41-63-33, Fax: 33-4-67-41-62-99, E-mail: durand{at}mpl.ird.fr
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