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RESISTANCE OF AEDES AEGYPTI TO ORGANOPHOSPHATES IN SEVERAL MUNICIPALITIES IN THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO AND ESPíRITO SANTO, BRAZIL

Chemical insecticides have been widely used in Brazil for several years. This exposes mosquito populations to an intense selection pressure for resistance to insecticides. In 1999, the Brazilian National Health Foundation started the first program designed to monitor the resistance of Aedes aegypti to insecticides. We analyzed populations from 10 municipalities (from 84 selected in Brazil) in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo. Exposure of larvae to a diagnostic dose of temephos showed in alterations in susceptibility in all populations. Mosquitoes from eight municipalities exhibited resistance, with mortality levels ranging from 74% (Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro) to 23.5% (São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro). The resistance ratios of mosquitoes from three municipalities ranged from 3.59 to 12.41. Adults from only one municipality (Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro) remained susceptible to both fenitrothion and malathion. These results are being used to define new local vector control strategies.

Received December 3, 2001. Accepted for publication September 30, 2002.

Acknowledgments: We thank the Núcleo de Entomologia do Rio de Janeiro (NERJ/FUNASA) for collection of eggs and help with some of the biologic assays.

Financial support: This work was supported by Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Papes II Program), Programa de Erradicação do Aedes aegypti (PEAa), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FUNASA), and the UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR).

Authors’ addresses: José Bento Pereira Lima, Marcella Pereira DaCunha, Ima Aparecida Braga, and Denise Valle, Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, CEP 21045-900, Telephone: 55-21-2580-6598, Fax: 55-21-2573-4468. Ronaldo Carneiro da Silva Júnior, Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Rua Francisco Manoel, 102, Benfica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, CEP 20911-270, Telephone: 55-21-2580-6598, Fax: 55-21-2573-4468. Allan Kardec Ribeiro Galardo and Sidinei da Silva Soares, Coordenação Regional da Fundação Nacional de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Coelho e Castro, 6/7° Andar, Bairro Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, CEP 20081-060, Telephone: 55-21-2263-8143, Fax: 55-21-2263-6754. Ricardo Pimentel Ramos, Coordenação Regional da Fundação Nacional de Saúde do Espírito Santo, Rua Moacir Straus, 85, Praia do Canto, Vitória, ES, Brazil, CEP 29055-630.

Reprint requests: Denise Valle, Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Pavilhão Carlos Chagas, 4° Andar, Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, CEP 21045-900, E-mail: dvalle{at}ioc.fiocruz.br.

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