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Dengue hemorrhagic fever has been a major health problem in Asia since the 1950s. During this period, the former principal vector of dengue viruses in Asia, Aedes albopictus, was replaced by Aedes aegypti in most major cities of the area. Ae. aegypti is now considered the main vector of dengue viruses in Asia. Surprisingly, however, this mosquito has been described as having a relatively low oral receptivity for dengue viruses compared with Ae. albopictus. In the present study, we compared the relative oral receptivities of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus collected in southeast Asia from both sympatric and allopatric breeding sites. In all instances, the oral receptivity of Ae. aegypti to the dengue type 2 virus used was significantly higher than that of Ae. albopictus. We also compared the relative oral receptivity of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus for two other low-passage strains of dengue 2. In all instances, Ae. aegypti was significantly more receptive than Ae. albopictus. It should be noted, however, that the difference was found only for Ae. albopictus recently collected from the field (Ta Promh strain, Cambodia, 2001) and not for an Ae. albopictus strain that had been colonized for many years (Oahu strain, Hawaii, 1971). We also observed a significant increase in the infection rate of Ae. albopictus of the Ta Promh strain with increasing generations in the laboratory. These observations demonstrate the importance of considering the colonization history of mosquitoes when assessing their susceptibility to infection with dengue viruses and, perhaps, other arboviruses.
Received June 12, 2002. Accepted for publication October 17, 2002.
Acknowledgments: We thank Srisucha Chawprom and Somsak Prajakwong from Vector Borne Disease Control, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Luu Le Loan and Tran Huu Hoang from the Pasteur Institute of Ho Chi Minh City, and Vu Sinh Nam and Nguyen Thi Yen from the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology of Hanoi for their help in collecting mosquitoes. We also thank Catherine Thouvenot for her assistance in rearing mosquitoes.
Financial support: This work was supported by the ACIP n° 41204 of the Pasteur Institute.
Authors’ addresses: Marie Vazeille, Leon Rosen, Laurence Mousson, and Anna-Bella Failloux, Unité d’écologie des systèmes vectoriels, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75 724 Paris Cedex 15, France. Telephone: 33-1-40-61-36-17, Fax: 33-1-40-61-30-89.
Reprint requests: Anna-Bella Failloux, Unité d’écologie des systèmes vectoriels, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75 724 Paris Cedex 15, France, Telephone: 33-1-40-61-36-17, Fax: 33-1-40-61-30-89.
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