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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 60(1), 1999, pp. 62-65
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol 60, Issue 1, 62-65
Copyright © 1999 by American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Research Articles


Detection of the agents of human ehrlichioses in ixodid ticks from California

VL Kramer, MP Randolph, LT Hui, WE Irwin, AG Gutierrez, and DJ Vugia

A study was conducted in northern California to estimate the prevalence and distribution in ixodid ticks of the rickettsial agents of human monocytic (HME) and human granulocytic (HGE) ehrlichioses. More than 650 ixodid ticks were collected from 17 sites in six California counties over a 15-month period. Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of HME, was detected by a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in Ixodes pacificus (minimum infection rate [MIR] = 13.3%) and Dermacentor variabilis (infection rate=20.0%) from a municipal park in Santa Cruz County. The HGE agent was detected by nested PCR in I. pacificus adults from a heavily used recreational area in Alameda County (MIR = 4.7%) and a semirural community in Sonoma County (MIR = 6.7%). Evidence of infection with Ehrlichia spp. was not detected in D. occidentalis adults or I. pacificus nymphs. This study represents the first detection of E. chaffeensis in California ticks and the first report of infection in Ixodes spp. The competency of I. pacificus to be coinfected with and to transmit multiple disease agents, including those of human ehrlichioses and Lyme disease, has yet to be determined.


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Copyright © 1999 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.