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Studies on Electrophoretic Fractions of Vipera Xanthina Palestinae Venom¹

Six different fractions from the venom of Vipera xanthina palestinae were separated out electrophoretically. Eluates of these fractions were tested in mice for lethal, hemorrhagic, neurotoxic and enzymatic activities.

About 80 per cent of the lethal activity of whole venom was concentrated in the A₃ fraction which was dominantly hemorrhagic. Combined eluates of fractions K₁–A₁ and of A₄–A₅ were exclusively neurotoxic. Indirect hemolytic activity was strongest in fractions A₄ and A₅, while egg yolk-inhibitory activity was preponderant in fractions A₂, A₄ and A₅.

Specific Vipera palestinae antiserum (Pasteur Institute) neutralized the hemorrhagic action of whole venom and of fraction A₃ but it had very little activity against the neurotoxic components of the venom. The bearing of these findings on the pathogenesis of Vipera palestinae snake bite syndrome in human beings is obvious.

¹ This work was in part supported by a grant from the Executive Committee of the General Federation of Jewish Labour in Israel.