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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 55(6), 1996, pp. 672-679
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Cocirculation of Multiple Hantaviruses in Texas, with Characterization of the Small (S) Genome of a Previously Undescribed Virus of Cotton Rats (Sigmodon hispidus)

Julie A. Rawlings, Norah Torrez-Martinez, Susan U. Neill, Guy M. Moore, Bradley N. Hicks, Sergio Pichuantes, Anton Nguyen, Mausumi Bharadwaj AND Brian Hjelle
Bureau of Communicable Disease Control and Bureau of Laboratories, Texas Department of Health, Austin, Texas; Hantavirus Diagnostic Unit, Department of Pathology, and Cancer Research and Treatment Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, California

An environmental and laboratory investigation was conducted after a fatal childhood case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurred in Deaf Smith County, Texas in May 1995. A trapping campaign was conducted to identify possible rodent carriers. Six species of murid and heteromyid rodents were collected, and at least one hantavirus-seropositive specimen was found in each of the five murid species. Tissues from a selection of 11 seropositive specimens were examined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of viral genetic material. The predominant hantavirus was El Moro Canyon virus (ELMCV), which occurred in three of three harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis) and in three of four deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) examined. Sin Nombre virus (SNV) was found in one deer mouse and one white-footed mouse (P. leucopus). A seropositive house mouse (Mus musculus) was negative by PCR. Two cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) were infected by a virus of novel genotype (Muleshoe virus [MULEV]) that bears closest resemblance to Bayou hantavirus. The sequence of the complete small genomic segment was determined for one MULEV, and high-level expression of its nucleocapsid protein was induced in Escherichia coli. Serologic studies indicated that the most likely etiologic agent in the human infection was SNV.




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Copyright © 1996 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.