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Immunization against Poliomyelitis with Living Attenuated Virus¹

"No man can answer for his courage who has never been in danger." LaRoche

The immunization of man against poliomyelitis with preparations of living attenuated virus has been practiced by myself and my associates for the past five and one-half years (Koprowski et al., 1952). All the results of the study cannot even be summarized in this lecture and, while I shall review some past events, I intend to concentrate on taking an inventory of the present.

Strains of virus. Three attenuated strains of virus have been used for the immunization of human subjects: two, the TN strain (Koprowski et al., 1952) and MEF₁ strain (Roca-Garcia et al., 1952; Roca-Garcia and Jervis, 1955) represent Type II, and one, the SM strain (Koprowski et al., 1954a), represents Type I. The TN strain is a rodent-adapted virus.

¹ This paper presents, in abbreviated form, results of a large-scale clinical trial, a full description of which will be found in a paper entitled "Clinical Investigations on the use of Attenuated Strains of Poliomyelitis Virus as a Method of Immunization of Children with Living Virus" by H. Koprowski, T. W. Norton, G. A. Jervis, T. L. Nelson, D. L. Chadwick, D. J. Nelsen and K. F. Meyer, J.A.M.A. 160: 954–966, 1956.