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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 48(2), 1993, pp. 222-229
Copyright © 1993 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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High Levels of Interferon Alpha in the Sera of Children with Dengue Virus Infection

Ichiro Kurane, Bruce L. Innis, Suchitra Nimmannitya, Ananda Nisalak, Anthony Meager AND Francis A. Ennis
Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts; Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Children's Hospital, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand; Division of Immunobiology, National Institute for Biological Standard and Control, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom

We measured the levels of interferon alpha (IFN{alpha}) in the sera of Thai children hospitalized with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue fever (DF) to examine the role of IFN{alpha} in dengue virus infections of humans. The percentage of patients who had detectable levels of IFN{alpha} (≥ 3 U/ml) was higher in patients with DHF (80%, P < 0.001) and in patients with DF (60%, P < 0.001) than in healthy Thai children (7%). The levels of IFN{alpha} were higher in patients with DHF and in patients with DF on the first few days after the onset of fever than in healthy Thai children. The average levels of IFN{alpha} in patients with DHF were high two days before defervescence, decreasing gradually until the day of defervescence. There was a subset of patients with DHF who had increasing levels of IFN{alpha} after defervescence. However, the levels of IFN{alpha} in patients with DF were not high after fever subsided. The levels of IFN{alpha} were not different among children with DHF grades 1, 2 and 3. Among patients with DHF, T lymphocytes were activated to a higher degree in high IFN{alpha} producers than in low IFN{alpha} producers. These results indicate that similarly high levels of IFN{alpha} are produced in vivo during the acute stages of DHF and DF, and that high levels of IFN{alpha} remain after fever subsides in some patients with DHF, but not in patients with DF.




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Copyright © 1993 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.