AJTMH Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 47(5), 1992, pp. 547-553
Copyright © 1992 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Malaria Transmission at a New Irrigation Project in Sri Lanka: the Emergence of Anopheles annularis as a Major Vector

R. Ramasamy, R. De Alwis, A. Wijesundere AND M. S. Ramasamy
Malaria and Vector Biology Laboratories, Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka; North Colombo General Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka

Malaria transmission was studied in a newly irrigated area of the Mahaweli project in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. Observations were performed for a three-month period following the northeast monsoon. Parasitemia in the population varied from 20.2% in February to 7% in May, and infection was due to both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax. Night catches of mosquitoes collected with human bait included a high proportion of Anopheles annularis. Mosquitoes containing sporozoites in the salivary glands were identified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anopheles culicifacies, An. annularis, and An. aconitus were all implicated as vectors in the area. The highest entomologic inoculation rate, 0.12 infected bites/hr, was observed with An. annularis and P. vivax in March. We suggest that a change in the ecosystem from dry zone forest to irrigated cultivated land is the cause of the increased prevalence of An. annularis in this area and its emergence as a major vector of malaria.




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P.H.D. Kusumawathie, A.R. Wickremasinghe, N.D. Karunaweera, and M.J.S. Wijeyaratne
Larvivorous Potential of the Guppy, Poecilia reticulata, in Anopheline Mosquito Control in Riverbed Pools Below the Kotmale Dam, Sri Lanka
Asia Pac J Public Health, January 1, 2008; 20(1): 56 - 63.
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Copyright © 1992 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.