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Pathology and pathogenesis are subjects of high interest to a number of investigators. Plasmodium falciparum is the focus of the first two papers in this section which are from the Medical Research Council field station in Gambia, involving investigators from Sweden and the United Kingdom. In the first report (page 503), fresh isolates of P. falciparum from Gambian children were studied for their ability to spontaneously form erythrocytic rosettes. All isolates from children with cerebral malaria formed rosettes, but the phenomenon was observed in less than 60% of those from patients with uncomplicated disease. The second paper (page 511) addresses a physical characteristic associated with the phenomenon of cytoadherence in P. falciparum, the presence of knob-like protrusions on the surface of infected erythrocytes. The authors conclude that both knobbed and knobless phenotypes are found in natural infections with the parasite and that P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes are able to bind to a large number of human cell types.