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Experimental Studies on the Maintenance of Toscana and Arbia Viruses (Bunyaviridae: Phlebovirus)

Transovarial transmission (TOT) of Toscana (TOS) and Arbia (ARB) viruses in a laboratory colony of Phlebotomus perniciosus is reported. Toscana and ARB viruses were maintained in P. perniciosus females, initially infected by intrathoracic inoculation, for 2 and 3 consecutive generations respectively. TOT was demonstrated in F₁ (75%) and F₂ (67%) generation adults for TOS and F₁ (47%), F₂ (37%), and F₃ (34%) generation adults for ARB virus. The progressive decline of virus infection rates in each generation suggests that these agents cannot be maintained indefinitely by TOT.

No infection was observed in F₁ progeny after female parents were fed through membranes with either virus. Transovarially infected females were able to transmit TOS virus by bite to a susceptible vertebrate. Venereal infection of P. perniciosus females mated to males transovarially infected with TOS virus was seen.

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