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The Value of Routine Rectal Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis¹

1. One hundred consecutive admissions, consisting of Egyptian males of the Cairo and Delta region, admitted usually for brucellosis or amebiasis, were subjected to rectal biopsy.

2. There were no complications to the procedure. Sixty-one cases were found to have schistosome eggs; sixty, S. haematobium; one, S. mansoni; and eight had both S. haematobium and S. mansoni present.

3. An average of 3.4 twenty-four hour urine examinations for schistosome eggs were done per patient. A total of 33 patients were found to have eggs by this method.

4. In 32 patients the rectal biopsy was positive when examination of 24-hour urine specimens had been negative. Conversely, in only 3 patients were eggs discovered in concentrated urine specimens in patients in whom a rectal biopsy had been negative.

5. Rectal biopsy is the method of choice in establishing the diagnosis of vesical schistosomiasis.

¹ The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private ones of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Navy Department or the naval service at large.

² From the Department of Clinical Investigation, NAMRU-3.