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Identification of Plasmodium Vivax Sporozoites in Mosquitoes using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

R. A. Wirtz^*, T. R. Burkot^*, R. G. Andre^*, Ronald Rosenberg, W. E. Collins AND D. R. Roberts^*

^* Department of Entomology, Division of Communicable Diseases and Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100
Department of Medical Entomology, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), APO San Francisco 96346
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for identifying Plasmodium vivax sporozoites in mosquitoes is described. Monoclonal antibodies produced against Thailand P. vivax sporozoites were used in an ELISA to detect and identify homologous sporozoites of Southeast Asian, Mexican and North Korean origin in extracts of frozen or dried infected mosquitoes. The assay was sensitive enough to detect 1 infected mosquito in a pool of 20 insects or 125–250 sporozoites per 30 µl of mosquito extract. The use of a nonionic detergent and a single freeze-thaw to disrupt the circumsporozoite antigen significantly increased the sensitivity of the method.

Accepted for publication April 30, 1985.

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