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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 34(3), 1985, pp. 456-459
Copyright © 1985 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Development of Infective Stage Leishmania Promastigotes within Phlebotomine Sand Flies

David L. Sacks AND Peter V. Perkins
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20205 and Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307

Midgut promastigotes were obtained from Phlebotomus papatasi and Lutzomyia longipalpis on days 3–7 after infection with cloned isolates of Leishmania major and Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, respectively, and examined as to their ability to initiate cutaneous infections in BALB/c mice. Sequential development of midgut promastigotes from a noninfective to an infective stage was confirmed for both the New World and Old World species. The generation of infective promastigotes from rapidly dividing avirulent populations occurred as early as day 3 and was well under way by day 4 after infective feed. Optimally infective promastigotes were recovered from midguts shortly after bloodmeal passage, coinciding with the time at which another bloodmeal is sought by the fly.

Accepted for publication September 20, 1984.




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G. van Zandbergen, A. Bollinger, A. Wenzel, S. Kamhawi, R. Voll, M. Klinger, A. Muller, C. Holscher, M. Herrmann, D. Sacks, et al.
Leishmania disease development depends on the presence of apoptotic promastigotes in the virulent inoculum
PNAS, September 12, 2006; 103(37): 13837 - 13842.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1985 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.