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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 33(2), 1984, pp. 239-245
Copyright © 1984 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Intestinal Protozoa in Homosexual Men of the San Francisco Bay Area: Prevalence and Correlates of Infection*

Edward K. Markell, Robert F. Havens, Ruby A. Kuritsubo AND John Wingerd
Departments of Internal Medicine, Pathology, and Medical Methods Research, Kaiser-Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, California 94611, and the Department of History, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720

To compare the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in male homosexuals selected from other sources with the levels previously reported from clinic-derived populations, various homosexual groups of the San Francisco Bay Area were checked by means of stool examination and questionnaires for prevalence of intestinal parasites and for related sexual behavioral patterns during a 3-year period. The prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica (28.6%) was similar to that reported in other studies, whereas that of Giardia lamblia was lower. Infection with E. histolytica was correlated significantly with a prior history of syphilis or gonorrhea (P < 0.0001), with the number of sexual partners in the preceding 12-month period (P < 0.0001), and with the reported frequency of oral-anal sexual contact (P < 0.001). Giardial infection was also significantly related to oral-anal sex (P < 0.001). No relation was seen between the presence or absence of gastrointestinal symptoms and infection with pathogenic protozoa. Factors associated with parasitic infection differed little from those found in previous studies, although significance levels were considerably higher because of the larger size of our study group.

Accepted for publication September 22, 1983.


* This research was supported by the Community Service Program of Kaiser Foundation Hospitals.

Address reprint requests to: Edward K. Markell, Ph.D., M.D., Department of Internal Medicine, The Permanente Medical Group, Inc., 280 W. MacArthur Boulevard, Oakland, California 94611.




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J.-J. TSAI, H.-Y. SUN, L.-Y. KE, K.-S. TSAI, S.-Y. CHANG, S.-M. HSIEH, C.-F. HSIAO, J.-H. YEN, C.-C. HUNG, and S.-C. CHANG
HIGHER SEROPREVALENCE OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA INFECTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 INFECTION IN TAIWAN
Am J Trop Med Hyg, June 1, 2006; 74(6): 1016 - 1019.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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Copyright © 1984 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.