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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 31(3), 1982, pp. 561-568
Copyright © 1982 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Epidemiological Significance of Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus in Vitro Markers*

David H. Martin{dagger}, William H. Dietz{ddagger}, Otto Alvaerez, Jr. AND Karl M. Johnson§
Middle America Research Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Ministerio de Desorrollo Agropecuario, Panama, Republic of Panama

One hundred and fifty-eight strains of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus were typed antigenically and classified epidemiologically as either epizootic or enzootic. Plaque sizes for 148 of these strains were determined, and the pH requirements for hemagglutination (HA) of goose erythrocytes of 131 were studied. Only antigenic variant group IABC strains could be classified epidemiologically as epizootic. In vitro these strains were characterized by the formation of small plaques in Vero cells and a relatively narrow pH range for optimum HA reactivity. Experimental studies in horses confirmed the fact that only IABC strains have epizootic potential. We concluded that plaque size in Vero cell monolayers would be a useful method of screening VEE viruses for equine virulent strains. Indirect evidence suggested that small plaques resulted from sensitivity to an anionic substance present in the agar overlay medium.

Accepted for publication December 3, 1981.


* Portions of this work were presented at the Annual Meeting of The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Miami, Florida, 7 November 1972.


{dagger} Present address: Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Louisiana State University Medical School, 1542 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112. Reprint requests should be sent to this address.


{ddagger} Present address: Clinical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142.


§ Present address: U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21701.






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