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Courses of Infections with Plasmodium Falciparum in Owl Monkeys Displaying a Microfilaremia^*

L. H. Schmidt AND J. H. Esslinger

Infections with the Uganda Palo Alto, Malayan Camp-CH/Q, Vietnam Oak Knoll, and Vietnam Smith strains of Plasmodium falciparum in owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus griseimembra) with concomitant microfilaremias usually, but not always, followed a more benign course than infections with the same strains in monkeys free of filarial infections. Four distinct microfilariae were identified in systematic examinations of 26 monkeys, 5 with self-limited infections with P. falciparum, 9 with normally benign self-limited infections with P. vivax, and 12 without previous malaria. The microfilariae found included: Dipetalonema (Dipetalonema) gracile, Tetrapetalonema (Tetrapetalonema) barbascalensis, T. (T.) panamensis, and an unidentified species designated "Aotus C." Among 23 monkeys studied completely, 14 were infected with a single species, 4 had double infections, and 5 had triple infections. T. barbascalensis was identified in 16 monkeys, T. panamensis in 11. Although data were very limited, there was a suggestion that infections with P. falciparum were less intense in monkeys infected with T. barbascalensis, either alone or with other filariae, than in subjects infected only with T. panamensis.

Accepted for publication June 7, 1980.

^* The experimental components of this report were supported by: Contracts DADA 17-67-C-7176 and DADA 17-69-C-9104 between the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command and the University of California, Davis, California, and the Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Alabama, respectively; and Grant AI 08099 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases to Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana. This is contribution number 1573 from the Army Research Program on Antiparasitic Drugs.

Present address: Department of Pharmacology, The Medical Center, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Box 191, University Station, Birmingham, Alabama 35294. Send reprint requests to this address.

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