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The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa) for Malaria

I. The Use of In Vitro-Cultured Plasmodium falciparum as Antigen^*

Using the Panama II strain of Plasmodium falciparum obtained from continuous in vitro culture as antigen, the micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test serum samples from 50 persons from the southeastern United States and serum specimens collected weekly from four non-immune and nine semi-immune patients infected with P. falciparum. None of the 50 sera from the United States had ELISA antibody titers 1:80. The nine semi-immune patients had rapid ELISA antibody responses (titers 1:2560) following patent parasitemia. ELISA titers remained elevated despite disappearance of patent parasitemia, and declined gradually following curative antimalarial therapy. The ELISA responses observed in the four non-immune patients were more variable, though positive titers appeared rapidlly with patent parasitemia. Maximum titers were lower than those observed in semi-immune patients. These results demonstrate that P. falciparum obtained from continuous in vitro culture is an excellent antigen for the micro-ELISA test for malaria. However, further assessments of the ELISA are needed to identify the conditions associated with positive responses.

Accepted for publication April 7, 1979.

^* Address reprint requests to: Bureau of Tropical Diseases, Center for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Road, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30333.

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