HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Krogstad, D. J. Articles by Newton, L. H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Krogstad, D. J. Articles by Newton, L. H.

A Prospective Study of the Effects of Ultralow Volume (ULV) Aerial Application of Malathion on Epidemic Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

IV. Epidemiologic Aspects^*

Donald J. Krogstad, Volvick R. Joseph AND Ladene H. Newton

In the Miragoane Valley of Haiti a consistent pattern in the incidence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria over a 10-year period made it possible to predict an annual outbreak and perform a prospective study to test the effects of aerial ultralow volume (ULV) malathion on epidemic levels of this disease. At the end of October 1972, after epidemic levels (100 cases/month/10,000 population) had been reached, spray operations were begun. The first spray cycle produced a sharp and immediate drop in populations of the vector Anopheles albimanus, followed 4 weeks later by a decrease in the incidence of malaria throughout the valley. Although the incidence of malaria was similar in sprayed and unsprayed areas prior to the effect of ULV malathion (176.1 and 198.7 cases/month/10,000 population, respectively), it was significantly different during the subsequent 3 months (16.8 cases/month/10,000 population in sprayed areas and 65.4 in unsprayed: p < 0.001). Travel histories indicated that only 4% of all cases had spent a night away from home during the 4 weeks prior to onset of symptoms; therefore, we concluded that these incidence data represent malaria transmission in the valley. Results of the study indicate that aerial spraying of ULV malathion can interrupt epidemic transmission of P. falciparum malaria by a susceptible vector.

Accepted for publication July 13, 1974.

^* This work was supported by the United States Agency for International Development, U.S. Department of State, through PASA LA (HM 7-71).

Address reprint requests to: Center for Disease Control, Attn: Bureau of Tropical Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.

Formerly with the Bureau of Epidemiology, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia 30333. Present address: Lilongwe General Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi, Africa.