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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 24(2), 1975, pp. 183-187
Copyright © 1975 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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A Prospective Study of the Effects of Ultralow Volume (ULV) Aerial Application of Malathion on Epidemic Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

I. Study Design and Perspective*

Donald A. Eliason, Volvick R. Joseph AND Jalil Karam
Bureau of Tropical Diseases, Center for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, and Service National d'Eradication de la Malaria, Port-au-Prince, Haiti

A large-scale prospective study was designed to test the effects of aerial ultralow volume (ULV) application of malathion on epidemic Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The study was conducted during 1972 to 1973, in the Miragoane Valley of Haiti, an area having annual anticipated outbreaks of malaria, which allowed prospective assessment. Spraying of malathion at a dosage of 4.5 fluid ounces per acre reduced populations of adult Anopheles albimanus to less than 1% of prespray levels and interrupted epidemic transmission of P. falciparum malaria. No change was measured in susceptibility of the vector mosquito to malathion after six applications of spray during a period of 50 days. Ecologic study revealed no significant impact on nontarget vertebrates. Factors that contributed to the success of this method in Haiti were: 1) a susceptible population of mosquitoes; 2) suitable topography and climatic conditions for spraying; and 3) treatment of an area sufficiently large to minimize the influence of immigration of mosquitoes from unsprayed areas.

Accepted for publication July 13, 1974.


* This work was supported by the United States Agency for International Development, U. S. Department of State, through PASA LA (HM 7-71).

Address reprint requests to: Center for Disease Control, Attn: Bureau of Tropical Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.






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Copyright © 1975 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.