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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 23(6), 1974, pp. 1037-1045
Copyright © 1974 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Antibodies to Dirofilaria Immitis in Causasian and Aboriginal Australians Diagnosed by Immunofluorescence and Passive Arthus Hypersensitivity*

John S. Welch AND Colin Dobson
Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston Road, Brisbane, 4006, and the Department of Parasitology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4067, Queensland, Australia

Fluorescent precipitates were demonstrated on the cuticle and at the anal pore of Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae by using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled canine and human anti-D. immitis sera. Using fluorescein conjugated rabbit anti-human globulin, these reactions were shown to be antibody mediated. The precipitating antibodies were heat and 2-mercaptoethanol stable and induced specific passive Arthus reactions in guinea pigs when D. immitis antigens were injected intravenously. The titer of canine anti-D. immitis antibodies correlated with the microfilaremia of the serum donor, and the prevalence of human anti-D. immitis reactors in a community related to the numbers of infected dogs in the locality. Sera from people with pulmonary dirofilariasis gave high titers of anti-D. immitis antibody; rabbits injected with D. immitis antigens gave similar reactions, but both groups of sera cross-reacted with Toxocara canis larvae. Sera from individuals with T. canis visceral larva migrans, diagnosed from biopsied worms, did not react with D. immitis larvae. Concurrent gastrointestinal nematode infections in Aborigines did not affect the anti-D. immitis fluorescent antibody test.

Accepted for publication April 20, 1974.


* These studies were supported by the Queensland Institute of Medical Research and United States Public Health Service Grant AI-07023-01.






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Copyright © 1974 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.