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Scrub Typhus in Eastern Taiwan, 1970^*

James L. Gale, George S. Irving, Hsin Chih Wang, Jih Ching Lien, Wei Fu Chen AND John H. Cross

An outbreak of scrub typhus occurred in Chinese Army personnel in the eastern part of Taiwan during 1970. This is the first outbreak of this disease documented on the main island of Taiwan since 1932. Of 21 hospitalized patients examined during the convalescent stage, 19 had antibody titers of from one to 640 to one to 10,240 as measured by indirect immunofluorescence to the Karp, Kato and Gilliam stains of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi. All were males of from 35 to 51 years and all had high fever by history. Eleven patients had eschars, six with typical black necrotic scabs. In addition, serologic evidence of prior scrub typhus infection was found in 59 of 241 other men from the two military companies involved in the outbreak. All men had been working clearing an area in hills 300 to 500 meters high. This land was originally cleared for agricultural use, but had been abandoned over 4 years previously. Rickettsia tsutsugamushi was recovered from rodents and chiggers (Leptotromibidium deliense) captured in the area.

Accepted for publication January 12, 1974.

^* This study was supported by funds provided by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department, Work Unit MF51.524.009-0037B 6GI.

The opinions and assertions contained herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Navy Department or the Naval Service at large.

Requests for reprints should be addressed to: Publication Office, Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Box 14, APO San Francisco 96263.

Dr. Gale is the recipient of a USPHS Career Development Award No. 5K04 AI 42719.

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