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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 23(4), 1974, pp. 639-661
Copyright © 1974 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Effects of Chemotherapy on the Evolution of Schistosomiasis Japonica in Chimpanzees

Elvio H. Sadun*, Franz von Lichtenberg, Duane G. Erickson, Allen W. Cheever, Ernest E. Bueding AND J. Scott Anderson{dagger}
Department of Medical Zoology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D. C. 20012, Department of Pathology, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA Medical Laboratory, PAC, APO San Francisco 96343, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20014, and Department of Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205

In order to obtain information on whether established bilharzial lesions in various organs are persistent or reversed after treatment, 10 chimpanzees were infected with Schistosoma japonicum and treated 2 to 4.5 months later with a nitrovinylfuran derivative. Nine others were kept as controls. Regardless of timing, treatment resulted in the prompt reversal of most clinical symptoms as well as hematological and biochemical abnormalities, with the notable exception of the elevated immunoglobulin levels and only partial correction of hypoalbuminemia. No deleterious effects of treatment were noted. Treatment had a pronounced effect on the extent of colonic lesions, and on the degree of schistosomal nephropathy; in the liver inflammatory activity was significantly reduced, but the degree of portal fibrosis and of vascular abnormalities remained comparable to those observed at the time treatment was begun. Thus clinical or parasitological improvement did not reliably reflect the degree of pathological changes persisting after treatment. In the chimpanzees treated 2 months after exposure anatomical schistosome lesions were minimal and completely inactive. In the remaining animals the lesions were only partly inactivated. Portal liver fibrosis was prevented by early treatment; with later treatment it was stabilized but not reversed. On the other hand, treatment did not at any time aggravate the clinical or pathological status of the infected animals.

Accepted for publication December 1, 1973.


* Dr. Sadun died on 23 April 1974.


{dagger} 3084 Market, San Francisco, California 94115.






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Copyright © 1974 by the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.