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Plasmodium Vivax from Vietnam

Response to Chloroquine-Primaquine^*

Wesley H. Hiser, Bruce S. MacDonald, Craig J. Canfield AND James J. Kane

From 1965 to 1968 in Vietnam, there was a dramatic increase in the proportion of malaria infections caused by Plasmodium vivax. We studied 30 patients with acute vivax malaria in Vietnam and 12 at Walter Reed General Hospital to assess the responsiveness of their infections to suppressive amounts of chloroquine with primaquine (C-P). Each patient was treated with a single C-P tablet containing chloroquine (base) 300 mg and primaquine (base) 45 mg. Clinical and parasitological responses were prompt in all patients. No urine-chloroquine tests performed upon the patients on admission to the hospital in Vietnam showed detectable chloroquine excretion owing to previous drug administration. Failure to take the prescribed C-P chemoprophylaxis probably accounts for the high proportion of vivax malaria in Vietnam.

Accepted for publication December 3, 1970.

^* Please address requests for reprints to LTC C. J. Canfield, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D. C. 20012.

Present address: Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40506.

Present address: Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas School of Medicine, Little Rock Campus, Arkansas 72207.