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Inactivated Western Equine Encephalomyelitis Vaccine Propagated in Chick Embryo Cell Culture

Clinical and Serological Evaluation in Man^*

Peter J. Bartelloni, Robert W. McKinney, Frank M. Calia, Helen H. Ramsburg AND Francis E. Cole, Jr.

A formalin-inactivated Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) vaccine prepared in chick embryo cell cultures was evaluated in man. Only occasional mild reactions were noted in 15 volunteers; no meaningful changes occurred in clinical laboratory values during the 12-day observation period. The mean log₁₀ serum neutralizing indicies (LNI's) were comparable for volunteers given either two 0.5-ml doses of vaccine 28 days apart or a 0.5-ml dose followed by a 0.25-ml dose on day 28. Further evaluation in 21 "at-risk" laboratory workers, virgin to WEE virus, supported the data obtained in the volunteer studies; 92% of those given the 0.5-ml to 0.5-ml series achieved LNI's 1.7 by 28 days after the second dose, while 88% responded similarly in the 0.5-ml to 0.25-ml group. Vaccine used as a booster in 43 persons with prior WEE experience demonstrated high immunogenicity. At the time of the 0.1-ml intradermal booster dose, 88% of these persons had LNI's of <1.7, whereas by day 28 postvaccination 95% of these had achieved LNI's 1.7.

Accepted for publication June 11, 1970.

^* These studies were conducted in conjunction with a program for development and testing of vaccines for, and therapy of, acute infections. The investigations were supervised by the Commission on Epidemiological Survey of the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board.

Present address: University of Maryland College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Green Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201.

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