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An Inactivated Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Vaccine Propagated in Chick-Embryo Cell Culture

II. Clinical and Serologic Responses in Man^*

Peter J. Bartelloni, Robert W. McKinney, Thomas P. Duffy AND Francis E. Cole, Jr.

A formalin-inactivated EEE vaccine prepared in chick-embryo cell cultures was evaluated in man. Studies with 16 volunteers given three doses of 0.5 ml subcutaneously showed only mild reactions in some persons; no meaningful changes in clinical laboratory values occurred during the evaluation period. The serologic responses of volunteers suggested that a two-dose series with a 28-day interval between doses would result in significant and persistent titers. This schedule was employed for immunization of 92 "at-risk" laboratory workers with no known experience with EEE. Twenty-eight days after the two-dose series, 93% had a log₁₀ neutralization index (LNI) of 1.7, with all but two persons having an LNI of 2.0. Use of the vaccine in 117 persons who had been inoculated with EEE vaccine demonstrated the immunogenicity of the vaccine when given intradermally in a 0.1-ml dose. Of 95 persons with a titer of <1.7 at the time of the booster dose, 85 (89%) responded to a level of 1.7 by 28 days after the booster. This is indicative of the high immunogenicity of the vaccine given intradermally in a 0.1-ml dose.

^* These studies were conducted in conjunction with a program for development and testing of vaccines for, and the therapy of, acute infection. The investigations were supervised by the Commission on Epidemiological Survey of the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board.

Present address: Johns Hopkins Hospital, 601 North Broadway Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.

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