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Indirect Hemagglutination and Ameba-Immobilization Tests and Their Evaluation in Intestinal and Extraintestinal Amebiasis

Antigen for the indirect hemagglutination test was made from locally isolated strains of Entamoeba histolytica. These strains were associated with a Klebsiella sp. strain. The antigen was prepared by washing and treating the amebae with formalin-NH₄-OH-Polysorbate 80 and was then subjected to sonic distintegration. The ameba-immobilization test was modified and stadardized for the purpose of this study. Sixteen patients with amebic liver abscess, 13 with amebic hepatitis, three with intestinal and hepatic amebiasis, three with acute intestinal amebiasis, 11 with chronic intestinal amebiasis, 32 with varying nonamebic conditions, and 27 apparently healthy persons were included in the study. Positive results of 75, 54, 36, 16, and 4% by the indirect hemagglutination test and 88, 62, 45, 13, and 0% by the ameba-immobilization test were obtained in cases of amebic liver abscess, amebic hepatitis, chronic intestinal amebiasis, miscellaneous-disease group, and apparently healthy individuals, respectively. All three cases of intestinal and hepatic amebiasis and all three cases of acute intestinal amebiasis were positive by both the tests. These results suggest that both these tests can be used as useful adjuncts for the diagnosis of amebiasis.