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Activity of Chloroquine against Plasmodium Berghei in Mice Both with and without Previous Exposure to Chloroquine

To study whether the efficacy of chloroquine would be altered in mice by prolonged previous exposure to the drug, limited observations on blood levels of the drug as well as its antimalarial activity were studied in 2 groups of mice. One group received 0.0625% drug diet for 4 weeks while the other group received normal ration; one week after this diet treatment ended, all mice were inoculated with P. berghei and divided into sub-groups of controls or subcutaneously treated animals. Chloroquine was slightly but significantly more active, at all three dose levels studied, against P. berghei in mice that had previously been given the drug. Parasite counts were not different in the 2 groups of sham-dosed controls even though blood levels of chloroquine in the pretreated group were 0.1 to 0.14 /ml at the time of infection. Blood levels of chloroquine were similar in the 2 groups of mice 4 hours after a single subcutaneous dose of 30 mg/kg. Some possible interpretations of the differences in efficacy of the drug between the two groups are discussed. Previous exposure to chloroquine did not diminish its effectiveness.

^* Present address: Department of Microbiology, Schering Corp., Bloomfield, New Jersey.