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Transovarian Transmission of Hemagglutination-Inhibition Antibody to St. Louis Encephalitis Virus in Chickens^*

James O. Bond, Florence Y. Lewis, Wm. L. Jennings AND Ingrid E. MacLeod

The transovarian passage of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies to St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus was studied in 18 naturally infected hens and 51 of their chicks. HI antibody was readily detected in the 24-hour-old chick in quantitative relationship to maternal antibody titers. The loss of this inhibitor was an exponential function of time, and was below detectable levels at the 4th week.

Serum-neutralizing antibody studies on the hens indicated the SLE-HI inhibitor was specific antibody. In contrast, the Eastern encephalitis-HI inhibitor appeared to be a non-specific substance related to the ovulatory activity of the bird.

The interpretation of SLE-HI antibodies in chicks under 4 weeks of age requires consideration of the presence of maternal antibody as a contributing cause.

^* These studies were supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant no. AI-05504-02 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland.

The authors are Director, Chief Serologist, Chief Biologist, and Statistician, respectively, of the Encephalitis Research Center, Florida State Board of Health, Tampa, Fla.

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