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Arbovirus Neutralizing Substances in Avian Plasmas

I. Their Higher Prevalences after Collection of Birds by Shooting and Cardiac Puncture than after Netting and Jugular Venipuncture^*

W. F. Scherer, J. L. Hardy, I. Gresser AND H. E. McClure

Plasmas obtained by cardiac puncture from small birds (Dusky Thrush, Blue Magpie, Tree Sparrow and Grey Starling) collected by shooting in Japan during 1956–58 yielded higher prevalences (.11 to .50) of neutralising substances to Japanese encephalitis virus than did plasmas obtained by jugular venipuncture (0 to .08) from birds of the same species collected concurrently by netting from the same geographic region. Neutralising substances to Japanese, St. Louis and western encephalitis viruses appeared after shooting in plasmas of 31 of 501 (.06) individual small Japanese and North American birds which were bled by jugular venipuncture before shooting and by cardiac puncture after shooting under simulated field conditions. These neutralizing substances were demonstrable by tests either in mice or chicken embryonic cell cultures.

^* Sponsored by the Commission on Viral Infections, Armed Forces Epidemiological Board and supported by the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, Washington, D. C.

Present addresses: W. F. S.—Department of Microbiology, Cornell University Medical College, New York 21, N. Y.; J. L. H.—Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley; I. G.—Research Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston; H. E. McC.—Migratory Animal Pathological Survey, A.P.O. 323, San Francisco. Please use the Cornell address for reprint requests.

This investigation was done in part during tenures of predoctoral fellowships (EF-9015, -C1 and -C2 and GPM-9015-C3) from NIAID and DGMS, and postdocotral fellowships (EPD-9015-C4 and 5F2 A1-9015-02) from NIAID, USPHS.