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Malaria in the Leeward and Windward Islands, British West Indies¹

Malaria surveys under the auspices of the Colonial Development and Welfare Organisation (British West Indies), were made in the British units of the Leeward and Windward Islands during 1943–47.

Malariometric rates of importance were recorded in Grenada, St. Lucia, Dominica and Antigua where high rates were found in scattered areas. The general picture was one of localized outbreaks distributed periodically throughout each island. Splenometric findings constituted a reliable measure of recent malaria prevalence, and close positive correlation existed between degree of splenic enlargement and parasitemia.

All three of the commoner Plasmodium species were present, but P. falciparum predominated; P. malariae was common, and P. vivax infrequent. Mansonella ozzardi was found in Antigua, Nevis and St. Kitts, in addition to those islands previously recorded in the literature.

Four species of Anopheles were encountered—A. aquasalis, A. argyritarsis, A. albimanus and A. pseudopunctipennis. Previous records of A. albimanus in Dominica and St. Vincent were not confirmed. On epidemiological data presented, both A. aquasalis and A. albimanus appeared to contribute to malaria transmission.

Anticipated results in malaria control from residual DDT are briefly discussed.

¹ Submitted for publication with the kind permission of Dr. J. W. P. Harkness, Medical Adviser to Development and Welfare Organisation in the British West Indies, and Their Excellencies the Governors of the Leeward and Windward Islands.

² P. O. Box 199, Georgetown, Demerara, British Guiana.